Double acting internal combustion engine



Jan. 2%, 11936 RADLOFF DOUBLE" ACTING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 18, 193

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Patented Jan. 28, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DOUBLE ACTING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Johannes Radloff, Berlin, Germany, assignor to General Electric Company, a corporation of New York Application December 18, 1934, Serial No. 758,011 In Germany April 14, 1934 Claims. (Cl. 123-176) The present invention relates to double acting closed by a cylindrical member 22 suitably seinternal combustion engines, more specifically to cured to the piston members so that its outer cooling arrangements of the type of engines in surface forms a smooth continuation of the outer which the piston stems of the double acting pissurfaces of said piston members. The piston stem 5 tons are surrounded by a tubular member to pro- I2 has an axial channel 23 for receiving cooling 5 tect the stems against the excessive heat of the medium such as water. The cooling medium is combustion gases. conducted to the space 24 defined within the pis- In the usual arrangement, the stems are surton member I0 whence it flows through the tube rounded by a tubular member which forms an I9 into the space 25 defined within the piston annular space through which cooling medium member II. The cooling medium is conducted 10 such as Water is conducted. Experience with from the space 25 through a curved conduit 26 this type of cooling arrangement has shown that into the annular spaces 21, 3| defined between the intensive cooling effect of the medium conthe piston stem and the concentrically arranged ducted through said annular space is detrimental tubes I3 and I4 respectively. The arrangement because it causes rapid deterioration of the tubuis such that the flow of cooling medium takes lar members. This rapid deterioration is mainly place primarily through the space 21 defined bedue to'the increased chemical attack of the comtween the piston and the inner tubular member bustion gases on the tubular member at low tem- I3. The inner tubular member I3 has an opening y perature. 28 for conducting cooling medium from the curved b The object of my invention is to provide an imconduit 26 into the space 21. The cooling medium proved construction and arrangement whereby is discharged from the space 21 through an openthe aforementioned drawback is successfully overing 29 defined in a member 30 secured to the stem come. This is accomplished in accordance with and the tubular members l3 and I4. A portion my invention by the provision of means for reof the cooling medium discharged by the curved ducing the cooling effect on the tubular member conduit 26 flows into the annular space 3| defined surrounding the piston stem. between the two tubular members I3 and [4. In

For a better understanding of what I believe the present instance the lower end of the inner to be novel and my invention, attention is directtubular member I3 has an opening 32 permitting 30 ed to the following description and the claims apthe discharge of fluid from the annular space SI 30 pended thereto in connection with the accominto the lower end of the annular space 21. The panying drawing. provision of the inner tubular member I3 is an The single figure of the drawing illustrates a important feature of my invention in that it redouble acting piston for an internal combustion duces to a considerable extent the cooling ef- 35 engine embodying my invention. feet on the outer tubular member I4 and thereby 35 The arrangement shown in the drawing comreduces the chemical attack of the combustion prises two hollow piston members, an outer memgases on the outer surface of said outer tubular ber I0 and an inner member I I, rigidly secured to member, I4. one end of a piston stem I2, whose other end is It is important to note that the flow of cooling connected to a cross head I2 diagrammatically medium is directed first through the axial chan- 0 shown. The piston stem I2 is surrounded by two nel in the piston s and, after the C0011ng tubular members I3 and I4. The upper ends of dium has passed the two series connected spaces these tubular members I3 and I4 are provided 24 and 25 in the P1513011 members and H with shoulder portions I5 and I6, respectively speetively, t is directed into the a ar spa s engaging each other and held in position between 21 a d The Cooling medium fl W w y the piston member I I and a ring I! integrally thr u th annular space 3| whereby u s formed on the stem l2. These members are rigidb intensive Cooling of the tubular ember 4 ly secured together by means of bolts I8 engaging is preventedportions of the two piston members In and II. The inner tubular member l3 disposed con- The spaces or chambers defined Within the piscentrically between the piston stem l2 and the ton members Ill and II communicate through a outer tubular member I4 represents from another tube I9. The cylindrical surfaces of the piston viewpoint a means defining a path of high remembers III and II have grooves 20 for receiving sistance to flow along the inner surface of the packing rings 2|. The space defined intermediate outer tubular member, thereby reducing the the axially spaced piston members I0 and II is envelocity of the cooling medium adjacent the inner surface of the outer tubular member 14. In

7 the present instance I have shown an opening 32 a tubular member surrounding tlcie' piston stem near the lower end of the inner tubular member l3. This opening may be omitted in certain cases.

Havingldescribed the method of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider togcepresent the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown only illustrative and that the inventionmay becarried out by other means.

"What 1; claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:'

1. In afdouble acting internal combustion engine, the combination of a hollow piston, a piston stem secured to the piston and having an gial channel for conducting cooling medium to; the piston, a tubular member surrounding the piston stem and defining an annular space for cgnducting cooling medium discharged from the hollow piston, and means for reducing the cooling effect of such medium on the tubular member,

22. In a double acting internal ciombustien engine, the combination of a hollow piston, a stem secured to the piston and having an axial channel for conducting cooling medium to the piston,

and defining aniannularispace for conducting cooling medium discharge-d from. the hollow piston, and means for reducing the cooling eifect of such medium on the tubular member, said means comprising anothei tubular member concentrically disposed intermediate the piston stem and the first mentioned tubular member defining a path of high resistance to How along the surface of said first mentioned tubular member. 3. In a double acting internal combustion engine, the combination of a piston comprising two hollow members, a hollow piston stem secured to said menfoers, means including an axial channel in the piston stem for conducting cooling medium to one of thepiston members and from said piston member to the; other piston member, a tubular member surrounding the piston stem and defining an annular space for conducting the cooling me; dium discharged from the other piston member, and means re ucing the flow of cooling medium along the inner surface of said tubular membe g another tubular member concentric: ally d posed intermediate the piston stem and the first mentioned tubular member. i e

4. 'In a combustion engine, the combination of a hollow piston, a piston-stem secured to said piston having achannel for conductingza cooling medium to said piston, a tubular member surrounding, said piston-stem and,defining; a space for conducting the cooling medium discharged from the said piston and means for reducing the cooling effect of said cooling medium on said tubular member including a secondgtubular member surrounding said piston-stem and. spaced from said first mentioned member in amanner tovprovide a high resistance to fluid flowing along the inner surface of said first mentioned member.

5. In a combustion engine, the combination of a hollow piston, a piston-stem secured to said piston having a channel for conducting a cooling medium to said piston, a tubular member surrounding said piston-stem and defining a space for conducting the cooling medium discharged from the said piston and means for reducing the coolingefiect of said cooling medium-on said tubularf membef including a second tubular mem;

ber surrounding said piston-stem and spaced from said first mentioned member in a manner to reduce the velocity of the discharge fluid flow}; ing along the inner surface of said first men}; tioned inember; T t

' JOHANNES RADLOFF. 

